Infinitif : espérer • Part. présent : espérant • Part. passé : espéré • Auxiliaire : avoir
Below are conjugation tables for espérer, arranged so you can understand its use for each tense, and see a natural example + translation.
Meaning: espérer = to hope (also: to expect, to look forward to).
Pronunciation:
- espérer ≈ ess-peh-RAY — IPA: /ɛs.pe.ʁe/
- Participe présent espérant — IPA: /ɛs.pe.ʁɑ̃/
- Participe passé espéré — IPA: /ɛs.pe.ʁe/
Accent pattern to remember:
The verb alternates between é and è in present and subjunctive forms: singular & ils/elles use è (j’espère, il espère, ils espèrent), while nous/vous keep é (nous espérons, vous espérez).
Espérer is an extremely common -er verb. Its spelling/pronunciation alternation (é ↔ è) is regular and predictable: memorize the pattern and the stems, then apply normal -er endings. Use the tables below for conjugation patterns and natural example sentences.
Présent — Present
Use: present actions; mental states (I hope that…).
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| je | j’espère | French: J’espère que tout ira bien. English: I hope everything will be fine. |
| tu | tu espères | French: Tu espères des nouvelles bientôt ? English: Do you expect news soon? |
| il/elle/on | il espère | French: Il espère une réponse positive. English: He hopes for a positive answer. |
| nous | nous espérons | French: Nous espérons des jours meilleurs. English: We hope for better days. |
| vous | vous espérez | French: Vous espérez encore ? English: Are you still hoping? |
| ils/elles | ils espèrent | French: Elles espèrent gagner. English: They hope to win. |
Passé composé — Present perfect / simple past
Use: completed past action.
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| je | j’ai espéré | French: J’ai espéré une réponse avant de partir. English: I hoped for an answer before leaving. |
| tu | tu as espéré | French: Tu as espéré trop longtemps. English: You hoped for too long. |
| il/elle/on | il a espéré | French: Il a espéré jusqu’au dernier moment. English: He hoped until the last moment. |
| nous | nous avons espéré | French: Nous avons espéré en silence. English: We hoped in silence. |
| vous | vous avez espéré | French: Vous avez espéré un miracle. English: You hoped for a miracle. |
| ils/elles | ils ont espéré | French: Ils ont espéré une amélioration. English: They hoped for an improvement. |
Imparfait — Imperfect (past habit / background)
Use: repeated/ongoing past actions; background.
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| je | j’espérais | French: Quand j’étais jeune, j’espérais un monde meilleur. English: When I was young, I hoped for a better world. |
| tu | tu espérais | French: Tu espérais toujours des cadeaux. English: You always hoped for presents. |
| il/elle/on | il espérait | French: Il espérait changer les choses. English: He hoped to change things. |
| nous | nous espérions | French: Nous espérions une solution durable. English: We were hoping for a lasting solution. |
| vous | vous espériez | French: Vous espériez de meilleurs résultats. English: You hoped for better results. |
| ils/elles | ils espéraient | French: Ils espéraient le retour du printemps. English: They hoped for the return of spring. |
Plus-que-parfait — Pluperfect (had done)
Use: action completed before another past action.
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| je | j’avais espéré | French: J’avais espéré une amélioration avant le bilan. English: I had hoped for an improvement before the review. |
| tu | tu avais espéré | French: Tu avais espéré partir plus tôt. English: You had hoped to leave earlier. |
| il/elle/on | il avait espéré | French: Elle avait espéré un geste de sa part. English: She had hoped for a gesture from him. |
| nous | nous avions espéré | French: Nous avions espéré un accord. English: We had hoped for an agreement. |
| vous | vous aviez espéré | French: Vous aviez espéré mieux. English: You had hoped for better. |
| ils/elles | ils avaient espéré | French: Ils avaient espéré la victoire. English: They had hoped for the victory. |
Futur simple — Future (will do)
Use: simple future — “will hope / will expect.”
Stem: espérer-
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| je | j’espérerai | French: J’espérerai des nouvelles bientôt. English: I will hope for news soon. |
| tu | tu espéreras | French: Tu espéreras une réponse rapide. English: You will expect a quick reply. |
| il/elle/on | il espérera | French: Il espérera le meilleur. English: He will hope for the best. |
| nous | nous espérerons | French: Nous espérerons une solution rapide. English: We will hope for a quick solution. |
| vous | vous espérerez | French: Vous espérerez moins, peut-être. English: You will hope less, perhaps. |
| ils/elles | ils espéreront | French: Ils espéreront la réussite. English: They will hope for success. |
Conditionnel présent — Conditional (would)
Use: hypothetical / polite expressions — “would hope / would expect.”
Stem: espérer-
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| je | j’espérerais | French: J’espérerais pouvoir vous aider. English: I would hope to be able to help you. |
| tu | tu espérerais | French: Tu espérerais une réponse différente. English: You would expect a different reply. |
| il/elle/on | il espérerait | French: Il espérerait plus de soutien. English: He would hope for more support. |
| nous | nous espérerions | French: Nous espérerions un compromis. English: We would hope for a compromise. |
| vous | vous espéreriez | French: Vous espéreriez une invitation ? English: Would you expect an invitation? |
| ils/elles | ils espéreraient | French: Ils espéreraient un résultat positif. English: They would hope for a positive result. |
Subjonctif présent — Subjunctive (necessity / doubt / desire)
Use: after expressions of necessity, doubt, desire, emotion — rarely used after espérer in modern French (prefer indicative).
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| que je | j’espère (subj. written: que j’espère) | French: J’espère que je réussirai cet entretien. English: I hope that I will succeed in this interview. |
| que tu | tu espères | French: J’espère que tu trouveras une solution. English: I hope you’ll find a solution. |
| qu’il/elle/on | il espère | French: J’espère qu’il viendra demain. English: I hope he’ll come tomorrow. |
| que nous | nous espérions | French: Il faut que nous espérions le meilleur. English: We must hope for the best. |
| que vous | vous espériez | French: Je veux que vous espériez avec réalisme. English: I want you to hope realistically. |
| qu’ils/elles | ils espèrent | French: J’espère qu’ils arriveront à l’heure. English: I hope they will arrive on time. |
Grammar note: The subjunctive forms exist and mirror the é/è alternation (singular & ils use è, nous/vous use é), but after espérer que French speakers normally use the indicative (J’espère qu’il viendra), not the subjunctive.
Impératif — Imperative (commands / suggestions)
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| (tu) | espère | French: Espère le meilleur ! English: Hope for the best! |
| (nous) | espérons | French: Espérons ensemble. English: Let’s hope together. |
| (vous) | espérez | French: Espérez ce qui est possible. English: Hope for what is possible. |
(Imperative is less common for espérer but used in exhortations.)
Passé simple — Literary past (written past)
Use: literary / formal writing (rare in speech).
| Personne | Forme | Example for Practice |
| je | j’espérai | French: J’espérai en silence. English: I hoped in silence. |
| tu | tu espéras | French: Tu espéras un signe. English: You hoped for a sign. |
| il/elle/on | il espéra | French: Il espéra jusqu’à la fin. English: He hoped until the end. |
| nous | nous espérâmes | French: Nous espérâmes le meilleur. English: We hoped for the best. |
| vous | vous espérâtes | French: Vous espérâtes en vain. English: You hoped in vain. |
| ils/elles | ils espérèrent | French: Ils espérèrent des jours meilleurs. English: They hoped for better days. |
Espérer Constructions
| Construction | Meaning | Example | Notes |
| espérer + que + [clause] | to hope that (someone/something will / has done X) | J’espère qu’il viendra. → I hope that he will come. | Usually followed by the indicative (not the subjunctive) in affirmative sentences. |
| espérer + infinitif | to hope to (do something) — expresses the subject’s own intention/wish to do X | J’espère réussir. → I hope to succeed. | Use this when the subject of espérer and the infinitive is the same (I hope I will succeed). |
General note:
espérer is neutral and common in both spoken and written French. Prefer the indicative after espérer que; use the infinitive form when the action is by the same subject.

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